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When the nation wide lockdown was imposed from March there were job losses and the migrant workers were forced to go back to their hometowns. SO there is a labour shortage in urban areas. Around 40 million workers were forced to return home. Working remotely is not possible in manufacturing and construction industries and these were hit badly. RBI Bulletin released in October 2020 shows that workers from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar were in highest proportion among the migrants who returned home (Shramik train data). A survey of 2,917 returning migrants in six states found that about a third of them do not want to return to cities for work. There is a hike in the demand for jobs in MGNREGA work as workers have returned to rural areas. A survey of MSMEs and MSME associations in Tamil Nadu had the respondents note labour shortage may intensify going forward, although they were optimistic since many migrant workers have begun returning. The RBI says the success of direct benefit transfer (DBT) depends among other things, on Aadhaar saturation, availability of banking, services and high-speed internet. But the more populous, and poorer, states like Bihar and UP are behind the national average in terms of both Aadhaar saturation and availability of banking services.
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Aadhaar situation, banking, services, high-speed internet, Shramik, labour, shortage, urban areas, job, workers, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, manufacturing and construction industries, cities, RBI
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